As a Hydrogen Peroxide Manufacturing Plant, share with you. Steam running at
the bottom of the distillation tower (that is, heating steam fleeing into the
residual liquid and overflowing) is generally caused by the large amount and
pressure of heating steam. At this time, the amount and pressure of steam can be
reduced appropriately. If the liquid level of the residual liquid in the heating
kettle at the bottom of the tower is too low (less than 1/2 of the total height
of the tower kettle section), the phenomenon of less liquid and more vapor will
also occur when the spent grains are discharged.
Distillation Technology
The solution is to temporarily close down or close the outlet valve to
increase the liquid level and maintain the residual liquid height in the tower
kettle section. When using a buoy-type drainer, if the buoy is stuck and cannot
fall, it will also cause excessive discharge of the waste liquid. Therefore, we
must pay attention to the mechanical failure of the drainer. If the height of
the "u"-shaped siphon liquid seal tube used is not enough, it will also cause
steam to run off the bottom of the tower. Therefore, the height from the lower
end of the tube to the upper outlet is generally not less than 2.5 to 3 meters
to balance the pressure and prevent steam running.
The working principle of the distillation tower:
In the fermented mature mash, not only contains alcohol, but also contains
dozens of other components. If water is added, the content of these substances
far exceeds the content of alcohol. The alcohol content in mature mash is only
7-11% (volume ), and impurities including water, alcohols, aldehydes, acids, and
lipids account for almost 90%. To obtain pure alcohol, certain methods must be
used to separate the alcohol from the mature mash.
In production, heating and distillation are used to separate substances with
different boiling points, specific gravity, and volatility from different
equipment to obtain higher purity alcohol.
The working principle of the crude distillation tower is that after
preheating the fermentation mature mash, it enters the upper part of the crude
distillation tower, and the bottom of the tower is continuously and evenly fed
with heating steam. At this time, the liquid alcohol in the mature mash can be
converted into alcohol due to heating. Gas, and other low boiling point and
volatile impurities, all become gaseous and enter the aldehyde discharge tower
together with alcohol (or directly into the rectification tower), and the
distilled waste grains are discharged out of the tower at the bottom of the
tower.
When the crude distillation column is operating normally, the top temperature
of the column should not be lower than 93°C, but it should not be too high. Too
high top temperature is not good for separation and consumes a lot of steam.
Generally controlled at 95-96℃.
The temperature is too low, the alcohol in the wake-up is not completely
evaporated, and the escape rate is obviously increased.
The boiling point of pure alcohol is 78.3℃, but the boiling point of the
mixed liquid mixed with water and other ingredients is far more than 78.3℃.
Therefore, the bottom temperature of the crude distillation tower should not be
lower than 105℃, generally between 105℃-109℃.
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