Process
First, determine the plan. When determining the specific device process, it
is necessary to pay attention to the three-stage vaporization method used in the
entire process to realize the rationalization of the initial distillation tower,
the atmospheric tower, and the vacuum tower.
Second, determine the number of vaporization stages. Comprehensively
referring to the corresponding characteristics of the crude oil of the
enterprise, it is recommended to choose the initial distillation tower
equipment, which aims to better adapt to the changes of various types of
conditions. Among the crude oil materials, the high boiling point fractions with
a temperature above 350 degrees Celsius can be regarded as the main raw
materials for the corresponding equipment and equipment such as catalytic
cracking, distillate lubricating oil, and hydrocracking. After analyzing the
above reasons, it is necessary to implement effective installation of pressure
reducing tower equipment.
Distillation Tower
Third, choose a heat exchange strategy. Combining the actual oil refining
situation and relevant experience of the enterprise, and comprehensively
combining various factors, the content of the corresponding process can be
roughly derived. The crude oil at 40 to 50 degrees Celsius is dehydrated and
desalinated, and then the heat exchange is completed in two ways; the gasoline
components at the top of the overhead tower are condensed and cooled. The output
will be output by the device after continuing to cool down. It should be noted
here that whether to use a two-stage vaporization process for atmospheric
distillation should comprehensively analyze the relevant factors according to
specific conditions. If the crude oil contains more light fractions, the
temperature of the crude oil will increase after a series of heat exchanges.
Distillate vaporization will cause the pipeline pressure to drop. As a result,
the outlet pressure of the crude oil pump will rise, and the pressure resistance
of the heat exchanger should also increase.
Energy-saving measures
Generally speaking, an oil refinery can be described as a production entity
with huge energy consumption, and the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit
is one of the most prominently used equipment. Therefore, fully realizing the
optimal use of energy and minimizing the energy consumption of the device has
become a key issue in the production design process. For this reason, more
reasonable energy-saving measures must be adopted. First, optimize and improve
the process. Atmospheric and vacuum distillation equipment is recommended to use
the initial distillation tower process to achieve an effective reduction in the
load of the heating furnace; in order to fully reduce the cooling load, it is
required to use a two-stage condensation reflux process at the top of the
atmospheric tower; The recirculation of the press tower can optimize the heat
flow and heat exchange temperature, reduce the condensing cooling load at the
top of the tower as much as possible, and then increase the heat recovery rate
of the equipment. Second, optimize the operation of the heating furnace
equipment to increase the use efficiency as much as possible; implement the
recycling of the generated low-temperature waste heat; select new heat exchange
equipment to fully improve the actual heat exchange efficiency; realize the
optimization and improvement of the steam use situation as much as possible,
Reduce overall consumption.
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